Tomasson was sacked less than two years after his employment.
"The board of the Swedish Football Association has decided to terminate Jon Dahl Tomasson's contract as head coach of the men's national team. The decision is based on poor results in the World Cup qualification campaign," it says on the association's website.
The Dane has been dismissed with immediate effect.
"We believe that this team can reach the World Cup and can reach the playoffs in March. I would like to take this opportunity to thank Jon for this period. Jon has been professional in his relationship with the players, the leaders of the national team's staff, and the Swedish Football Association. It is always sad to part, but football is result-oriented and we have reached a point where the results are not good enough," says football director Kim Källström.
Tomasson arrived with an ambition to make the Swedish national team more modern, more attacking-minded and got off to a reasonable start in terms of results.
Under his leadership, Sweden won their group in the Nations League and moved up from the C to the B level in the tournament.
In the qualification for the World Cup, on the other hand, things have gone completely wrong for Tomasson's men. It began with a 2-2 draw against Slovenia after a huge drop by goalkeeper Robin Olsen in the last minute of the game.
Since then, the Swedes have lost twice to Kosovo and once to Switzerland without scoring a single goal in the three games.
Sweden really has no chance of finishing in one of the top two places in the qualification group, but as a reward for the group victory in the Nations League, it can still get to the World Cup via playoff matches in the spring.