The match began brightly for the 14th seeds, who showed their quality and forced a break of serve in the third game of the match to take a 2-1 lead.
Goransson and Verbeek then won their next four service games without dropping a single point to secure a comfortable 6-4 victory in the first set.
It was deja vu in the second set, as this year's Australian Open semi-finalists again broke serve in the third game to go 2-1 ahead.
But Hijikata and Pel, ranked 149th and 82nd, respectively, showed more fight after going behind this time, instantly breaking back to level the set again at 2-2. The following eight games all went with serve to take the second set to a tiebreak.
During the tiebreak, both pairs lost serve twice before Goransson and Verbeek gave themselves a 6-5 lead and match point on their own serve, but they were unable to capitalise. Instead, their opponents won three successive points to win the tiebreak 8-6 for a 7-6 victory in the second set.
The world numbers 27 and 30 were under pressure when serving at the start of the third set - they were taken to deuce before eventually holding serve.
For the next 11 games, neither returning duo could lay a glove on their opponents, as the match remained finely poised as it surpassed the two-hour mark and went to another tiebreak.
The tiebreak began perfectly for Goransson and Verbeek, who took the first point on their serve before breaking their opponents twice for a 3-0 advantage.
Hijikata and Pel got themselves on the board by breaking back, but a third point lost allowed the Swede and Dutchman to go 5-1 ahead. However, they won just one of the next seven points, trailing 8-6.
The breathtaking contest took another swing - three points in a row gave Goransson and Verbeek match point, but again they could not take their chance, and instead lost three straight points to lose the tiebreak 11-9, handing the set and the match (4-6, 7-6, 7-6) to Hijikata and Pel.
They move onto the Second Round having only received a place in the main draw after Argentinians Francisco Cerundolo and Guillermo Duran withdrew.
Sweden's Goransson will be in action again on Friday when he enters the mixed doubles with Taiwan's Hao-Ching Chan, as they take on Marco Arevalo of El Salvador and China's Shuai Zhang.